Ingabe imithi yokugoma isebenza ngokumelene nezinhlobonhlobo?

1) Ingabe imithi yokugoma isebenza ngokumelene nezinhlobonhlobo?

Impendulo yalo mbuzo itholakala encazelweni yegama elithi “umsebenzi.”Lapho abathuthukisi bomuthi wokugoma bebeka izimo zokuhlolwa kwabo komtholampilo, basebenzisana eduze neziphathimandla ezilawulayo, ezifana neFood and Drug Administration (FDA), ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi baphendula imibuzo ebaluleke kakhulu.

Eminingi yemithi yokugomela i-COVID-19 yokuhlola, iziphetho eziyinhloko, noma imibuzo eyinhloko ebuzwa ukuhlolwa komtholampilo, bekuwukuvinjelwa kwe-COVID-19.Lokhu kwakusho ukuthi onjiniyela bazohlola noma yiliphi icala le-COVID-19, okuhlanganisa namacala athambile naphakathi nendawo, lapho bebala ukuthi umuntu ozogomela umgomo wabo wenze kahle kangakanani.

Odabeni lomuthi wokugoma i-Pfizer-BioNTech, obekungowokuqala ukuthola ukugunyazwa ukusetshenziswa kwezimo eziphuthumayo kwa-FDA, abantu abayisishiyagalombili ababethole lo mgomo kanye nabantu abangu-162 ababethole i-placebo baba ne-COVID-19.Lokhu kulingana nokusebenza komgomo wama-95%.

Akubangakho ukushona kunoma yiliphi iqembu esivivinyweni somtholampilo abacwaningi abangathi kungenxa ye-COVID-19 ngesikhathi imininingwane isitholakala esidlangalaleni kuNew England Journal of Medicine ngoDisemba 31, 2020.

Ngokocwaningo lwakamuva, idatha yomhlaba wangempela evela kwa-Israel iphakamisa ukuthi lo mgomo usebenza kahle kakhulu ekuvimbeleni i-COVID-19, okuhlanganisa nesifo esinzima.

Ababhali baleli phepha abakwazanga ukuhlinzeka ngemininingwane ethile yokuthi umgomo usebenza kahle kanjani ekuvimbeleni i-COVID-19 kulabo abanokwehluka kwe-B.1.1.7 SARS-CoV-2.Kodwa-ke, baphakamisa ukuthi umuthi wokugoma uyasebenza ngokumelene nokwehlukile ngokusekelwe kudatha yabo iyonke.

2) Abantu abanokuwohloka komqondo bangase banikezwe izidakamizwa ezisebenzisanayo

Yabelana ku-PinterestUcwaningo lwakamuva luphenya nge-polypharmacy kubantu abanokuwohloka komqondo.U-Elena Eliachevitch / Getty Izithombe

● Ochwepheshe bathi abantu abadala asebekhulile abanokuwohloka komqondo kufanele balinganisele inani lemithi abayithathayo ethinta ubuchopho nesimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko (CNS).
● Ukusebenzisa imithi enjalo emithathu noma ngaphezulu ndawonye kubeka umuntu engozini enkulu yemiphumela emibi.
● Ucwaningo luthola ukuthi cishe oyedwa kwabangu-7 abantu abadala abanokuwohloka komqondo abangahlali ekhaya lasebekhulile uthatha emithathu noma ngaphezulu yale mithi.
● Ucwaningo luhlola imiyalelo odokotela abayibhalele abantu abayizigidi ezingu-1.2 abanokuwohloka komqondo.

Ochwepheshe bayacaca ukuthi abantu abaneminyaka engama-65 noma ngaphezulu akufanele baphuze kanyekanye imithi emithathu noma ngaphezulu eqondise ubuchopho noma i-CNS.

Izidakamizwa ezinjalo zivame ukusebenzisana, okungase kusheshise ukuncipha kwengqondo futhi kwandise ingozi yokulimala nokufa.

Lesi siqondiso sisebenza ikakhulukazi kubantu abanokuwohloka komqondo, abavame ukuthatha imithi eminingi ukuze babhekane nezimpawu zabo.

Ucwaningo lwakamuva olubandakanya abantu abanokuwohloka komqondo luthole ukuthi cishe oyedwa kwabangu-7 wabahlanganyeli uthatha imithi emithathu noma ngaphezulu yobuchopho kanye ne-CNS, naphezu kwezixwayiso zochwepheshe.

Ngenkathi uhulumeni wase-United States elawula ukukhishwa kwemithi enjalo emakhaya asebekhulile, akukho ukugada okufanayo kwabantu abahlala ekhaya noma ezindaweni zokuhlala ezisizwayo.Ucwaningo lwakamuva lugxile kubantu abanokuwohloka komqondo abangahlali emakhaya asebekhulile.

Umbhali oholayo wocwaningo, udokotela wezifo zengqondo uDkt. Donovan Maust waseNyuvesi yaseMichigan (UM) e-Ann Arbor, uchaza ukuthi umuntu angagcina ephuze imithi eminingi kangakanani:

"I-Dementia iza nezinkinga eziningi zokuziphatha, kusukela ekushintsheni kokulala nokucindezeleka kuya ekunganakeni nasekuhoxisweni, futhi abahlinzeki, iziguli, nabanakekeli bangase bafune ukubhekana nalokhu ngemithi."

UDkt. Maust uzwakalisa ukukhathazeka ngokuthi ezikhathini eziningi, odokotela banikeza imithi eminingi kakhulu.“Kubonakala sengathi sinabantu abaningi abasebenzisa imishanguzo eminingi ngaphandle kwesizathu esihle,” usho kanje.

3) Ukuyeka ukubhema kungase kuthuthukise inhlalakahle yengqondo

● Ngokwemiphumela yokubuyekeza okuhlelekile kwakamuva, ukuyeka ukubhema kungase kuveze imiphumela emihle empilweni esikhathini esingamasonto ambalwa.
● Ukubuyekezwa kwathola ukuthi abantu abayeke ukubhema babenokuncipha okukhulu kokukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka, nezimpawu zokucindezeleka kunabantu abangakuyekanga.
● Uma kunembile, lokhu okutholakele kungasiza ekukhuthazeni izigidi zabantu ukufuna izizathu ezengeziwe zokuyeka ukubhema noma ukugwema ukuyeka ngenxa yokwesaba impilo yengqondo engemihle noma imiphumela yomphakathi.

Unyaka ngamunye, ukubhema ugwayi kubulala abantu abangaphezu kuka-480 000 e-United States kanye nabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-8 emhlabeni wonke.Futhi, ngokwe-World Health Organization (WHO), ukubhema kuyimbangela ehamba phambili yokugula okungavinjelwa, ubumpofu nokufa emhlabeni wonke.

Amazinga okubhema abelokhu ehla kakhulu kule minyaka engu-50 edlule, ikakhulukazi emazweni anengeniso ephezulu, izinga lokusebenzisa ugwayi manje liku-19.7% e-US ngo-2018. Ngokuphambene, leli zinga lihlala liphezulu ngenkani (36.7%) kubantu abanengqondo. izindaba zezempilo.

Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi ukubhema kunikeza izinzuzo zempilo yengqondo, njengokunciphisa ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka.Kokunye ukuhlola, kwakungebona ababhemayo kuphela ababecabanga lokhu kodwa nabelaphi bezempilo yengqondo.Cishe u-40-45% wochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo bacabange ukuthi ukuyeka ukubhema ngeke kube usizo ezigulini zabo.

Abanye bakholelwa nokuthi izimpawu zempilo yengqondo zizoba zimbi kakhulu uma beyeka ukubhema.Abaningi ababhemayo bakhathazeka ngokuthi bazolahlekelwa ubuhlobo bomphakathi, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokucasuka okungenzeka kusenesikhathi beyeka ukubhema noma ngenxa yokuthi babheka ukubhema njengengxenye eyinhloko yokuphila kwabo komphakathi.

Ngokusho kweCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), cishe abantu abayizigidi ezingu-40 e-US bayaqhubeka nokubhema ugwayi.

Kungakho iqembu labacwaningi laqala ukuhlola ukuthi ukubhema kuyithinta kanjani impilo yengqondo ngokunembile.Ukubuyekeza kwabo kuvela kulabhulali yase-Cochrane.